The blood lipid measurement indicators primarily encompass the following aspects, which are significant for assessing lipid levels

as well as preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases:

I. Total Cholesterol (TC)

• Definition: Total cholesterol refers to the total amount of cholesterol contained in all lipoproteins in the blood, serving as a crucial indicator in blood lipid tests.
• Normal Range: It is generally believed that a suitable level of total cholesterol should be less than 5.18 mmol/L (alternatively, less than 5.2 mmol/L or 2.8-5.17 mmol/L as per some sources). Borderline elevation falls within the range of 5.18-6.19 mmol/L. A level higher than 6.22 mmol/L may increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
• Significance: Elevated total cholesterol levels are a risk factor for atherosclerosis, closely related to the occurrence of coronary heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular diseases.

II. Triglycerides (TG)

• Definition: Triglycerides are fat molecules formed by the combination of long-chain fatty acids and glycerol, constituting another essential indicator in blood lipid tests.
• Normal Range: An appropriate level of triglycerides should be less than 1.7 mmol/L (alternatively, less than or equal to 1.7 mmol/L, or 0.56-1.7 mmol/L).
• Significance: Elevated triglyceride levels are also a risk factor for atherosclerosis, associated with the development of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, hyperlipidemia, and other diseases.

III. High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C)

• Definition: HDL-C is considered the "good" cholesterol in blood lipids, possessing anti-atherosclerotic properties.
• Normal Range: A suitable level of HDL-C should be greater than 1.04 mmol/L (alternatively, within the range of 1.16-1.55 mmol/L, or 1.16-1.42 mmol/L for males and 1.29-1.55 mmol/L for females).
• Significance: Elevated HDL-C levels are beneficial to the cardiovascular system, reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

IV. Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C)

• Definition: LDL-C is the "bad" cholesterol in blood lipids, serving as the primary factor contributing to atherosclerosis.
• Normal Range: A suitable level of LDL-C should be less than or equal to 3.37 mmol/L (alternatively, within the range of 2.07-3.37 mmol/L, or ≤3.1 mmol/L). If it exceeds 4.14 mmol/L, screening for coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, hyperlipidemia, and other diseases is recommended.
• Significance: Elevated LDL-C levels promote the occurrence and progression of atherosclerosis, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

V. Other Indicators

In addition to the four primary indicators mentioned above, blood lipid tests may also include other markers such as very-low-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein A, which also have certain significance in assessing blood lipid levels and cardiovascular disease risk.

Conclusion

Blood lipid measurement indicators primarily include total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The normal ranges of these indicators may vary slightly due to different sources and detection methods, but they generally reflect the level of blood lipids and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. During blood lipid tests, attention should be paid to the changes in these indicators, and preventive and therapeutic measures should be taken accordingly based on medical advice.